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Object To study microcosmic mechanism about microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) to Radix Puerariae (RP) and Radix Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi (RCAS). Methods By transmission electron microscope, the structure changes about tonoplast in RP and RCAS were observed. Results The effect on tonoplast was differently made by MAE and conventional reflux extracting method. Conclusion The effective ingredients could be dissolved more easily with MAE than conventional reflux extracting method.
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Object To study the microwave-assisted extraction process of Radix Polygoni Multiflori. Methods Using the uniform design, the optimization process of microwave-assisted extraction for total anthraquinones and 2, 3, 5, 4′- tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-?-D-glucoside in Radix Polygoni Multiflori was gained by continuous microwave radiation. Results Some parameters, such as microwave power, radiation time, solvent concentration, solvent consumption and dipping time had interactions to the extraction of active ingredients in Radix Polygoni Multiflori. The best optimization process was obtained as following: 340 W as the microwave power, 10 min as the radiation time, 95% ethanol as the solvent, 1∶5 as the proportion of solid to liquid and 1 h as the dipping time. Conclusion The established models were proved to be reasonable by the verified experiment.
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AIM: To research how to separate the active component in Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort by high speed counter current chromatography. METHODS: Senkyunolide A and Z-ligustilide,the main components of volatile oil in Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort were one step separated by high speed counter current chromatography. n-hexane-ethyl acetate-ethanol-water,1 ∶ 1 ∶ 1 ∶ 1(v/v),was used as the solvent system for HSCCC. Top phase and bottom phase were respectively used as static phase and mobile phase. Optimum speed and flow rate were 900 r/min and 1. 2 mL/min respectively. RESULTS: Collected fractions were analyzed by HPLC and identified by EI-MS and 1HNMR. Purity could reach more than 95% . CONCLUSION: Lactone is fit to be separated and prepared by high speed counter current chromatography with good resolution and high purity. We find a fast and efficient way to separate these.
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AIM: To investigate law of vacuum drying process and provide basic technical supports for drying process and design of drying machine. METHODS: A batch-drying experiment system was used to continuously record the mass and temperature of the drying sample,then the key effective factors and characteristics of different phase of drying process were obtained based on the analysis of the recorded experimental data. RESULTS: The influence of process parameters on evaporation rate varied in different period of drying process. CONCLUSION: In order to improve the efficiency of the integrated drying process,it's necessary to apply appropriate technical methods according to the characteristics of the process.
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AIM: To study the microwave-assisted extraction process of forsythin from Forsythia Suspensa. METHODS: The optimization process for forsythin in Forythia Suspensa was gained by uniform design. RESULTS: The optimization process was obtained as following: 60% ethanol as solvent at the 680 W microwave power,40 min as the radiation time,5∶1(w/w) as the proportion of solvent to raw material and 30 min as the soaking time. CONCLUSION: In comparison with the traditional extraction,the forsythin content of target substance used the microwave-assisted extraction was higher than the former,and the extraction efficiency was also much better.
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AIM: To investigate the effectiveness of dosing technology and excipient application on solid drug's moisture-proof property and to provide a method improving the solid drug's moisture-proof property. METHODS: Based on the analysis of the moisture absorbing process and the absorbing mechanics,a new concept "active moisture absorbance site"(AMAS) was defined and mathematic model was constituted.Two constants as: initial AMAS concentration C_0,moisture resistance coemcient K,were proposed to indicate the drugs moisture-proof ability. The CI WU JIA extracts and SHUANG HUANG LIAN extracts were used to conduct experiments, which were designed to investigate the improvement of the drug's moisture resistance ability when varying the AMAS's concentration and/or its space distribution. RESULTS: Reducing the amount of moisture absorbance excipients in each dosage of solid drug can lower the drug's moisture absorbance ability,and applying a thin film coating material outside the drug can also slow the drug's moisture absorbance rate. CONCLUSION: The proposed mathematic model is useful for finding a way to improve the drug's moisture resistance;experimental data shows that the drug's moisture-proof property would be improved by reducing the amount of moisture absorbance excipient in each dosage and improving the moisture distribution resistance through a certain dosing technology,such as film coating technology.
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In this article, the author reported the recent development in study on high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) and finger print, work principle and technology speciality of HSCCC, and noted that the prospect of HSCCC application in separation and analysis of Chinese medicines and herbal medicines is broad as rapid development of the pharmacentical industry of Chinese medicine, even though the application is still in its infancy at present.
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Objective: To study the microwave assisted extraction process for saponins and isofraxidin in Radix Acanthopanacis Senticosi as a marker. Methods: Using the uniform design, the optimization process of microwave assisted extraction for saponins and isofraxidin in Radix Acanthopanacis Senticosi was gained by continuous microwave radiation. Results: Some parameters such as microwave power, radiation time, solvent concentraction, solvent consumption, pulverized degree and dipping time had interactions on the extraction of active constituents in Radix Acanthopanacis Senticosi. Conclusion: The optimization process was obtained which could be described as following: 510W as the microwave power, 30 min as the radiation time, 85% ethanol as the solvent, 1∶5 as the proportion of raw material to solvent, 40 mesh as the grinding degree and 0.5 hr as the dipping time. Meanwhile, the model developed were proved to be reasonable by the pilot experiment.